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为探索膜下滴灌应用不同年限对盐碱荒地盐分分布和作物生长的影响,在新疆石河子地区121团一块盐碱荒地开垦前后连续5年应用膜下滴灌定点监测,结果表明,荒地年内浅层土壤积盐现象严重,年际间变化不大;膜下滴灌技术在盐碱荒地上连续应用可明显改变土壤盐碱空间分布特点,随着膜下滴灌年限的增加,土壤盐分聚集区逐渐下移,滴灌2年在60~100cm土层形成积盐区;膜下滴灌应用5年,积盐区在观测范围0~140cm内消失,土壤剖面盐分含量平均降至0.5%左右,土壤盐分趋于新的平衡状态,但膜间表层由于新疆蒸发强度较大仍出现积盐现象,此时棉花平均成活率、株高、平均单株铃数和产量均接近正常生长水平,研究结果可为盐碱地膜下滴灌应用提供一定的参考.
In order to explore the effects of drip irrigation under different film ages on the salinity distribution and crop growth in saline-alkali wasteland, the fixed-point drip irrigation monitoring was applied for 5 consecutive years before and after the reclamation of a saline-alkali wasteland in 121 regiment of Shihezi region in Xinjiang. The results showed that, The phenomenon of salt accumulation was serious with little change during the year. The continuous application of drip irrigation under salinity-alkalinity wasteland could significantly change the spatial distribution of soil salinity and alkalinity. With the increase of drip irrigation time, After drip irrigation for 2 years, a salt accumulation area was formed in 60 ~ 100cm soil layer. After drip irrigation for 5 years, salt accumulation area disappeared within observation range of 0 ~ 140cm, average soil salt content decreased to about 0.5%, and soil salinity tended to be new But the phenomenon of salt accumulation appeared in the superficial layer of the membrane due to the high evaporation intensity in Xinjiang. At this time, the average cotton survival rate, plant height, average boll number per plant and yield were close to the normal growth level. The results could be saline-alkali mulch drip irrigation Application to provide some reference.