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分别在体外及温室测定了筛选菌株哈茨木霉Trichoderma harzianum(T82)和Tricho-derma sp.(NF9)对土传病原真菌的拮抗作用。体外测定表明,木霉菌株T_(82)和NF_9对白绢病菌Sclerotium rolfsii,立枯丝核菌Rhizoctonia solani,瓜果腐霉Pythium aphanidermatum刺腐霉P.spinosum和尖镰孢Fusarium oxysporum在对崎培养中的拮抗系数分别为2或2～3和2。温室测定表明,用0、6%(W/W)T_(82)麸皮培养物(10~7cfu/g)处理土壤。在人工接种白绢病菌,立枯丝核菌及瓜果腐霉20天后,黄瓜发病率分别比未用木霉处理的对照减少46、5%,28.4%和81。2%;用T_(82)和NF_9木霉孢子悬浮液(10~8cfu/ml)处理黄瓜种子,人工接种白绢病菌11天后,黄瓜成苗率分别比未用木霉处理的对照增加14%的20%。分别在光学显微镜和扫描电镜下观察到木霉T_(82)对白绢病菌菌丝和菌核的重寄生以及木霉T_(82)和NF_9对立枯丝核菌菌丝的缠绕。穿入及寄生。作者认为重寄生可能是试验木霉菌株T_(82)和NF_9对白绢病菌和立枯丝核菌的主要拮抗机制。
The antagonistic effects of Trichoderma harzianum (Tr82) and Tricho-derma sp. (NF9) on soil-borne pathogenic fungi were tested in vitro and in greenhouse respectively. In vitro tests showed that Trichoderma strains T_ (82) and NF_9 against Sclerotium rolfsii, Rhizoctonia solani, Pythium aphanidermatum P.spinosum and Fusarium oxysporum were significantly inhibited The antagonistic coefficients were 2 or 2 ~ 3 and 2, respectively. Greenhouse assays showed that the soil was treated with 0,6% (W / W) T_ (82) wheat bran cultures (10-7 cfu / g). After artificial inoculation of S. sclerotiorum, Rhizoctonia solani and Pythium pyogenes for 20 days, the incidence of cucumber decreased by 46.5%, 28.4% and 81.2% respectively compared with the control without Trichoderma treatment; ) And NF_9 Trichoderma sp. Suspension (10 ~ 8 cfu / ml). After 11 days of artificial inoculation with S. sclerotiorum, the seedling growth rate of cucumber increased by 14% compared with the control without Trichoderma. Trichoderma T_ (82) were observed under optical microscope and scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that Trichoderma T_ (82) was able to re-parasitize mycelium and sclerotium of Trichophyton sp. And Trichoderma viride T_ (82) and NF_9. Penetration and penetration. The authors believe that the heavy parasites may be Trichoderma test strains Trichoderma strain T_ (82) and NF_9 on silkworm and Rhizoctonia solani main antagonistic mechanisms.