一、引言材料的光学常数和辐射特性常从光谱反射比和透射比的测量中导出。原则上,确定样品的反射比和透射比不难,市场上可买到适合于这类工作的光谱光度计。但是这些仪器测量样品的反射比有两个主要缺点。首先,在比较型 I. INTRODUCTION The optical constants and radiation characteristics of materials are often derived from measurements of spectral reflectance and transmittance. In principle, it is not difficult to determine the reflectance and transmittance of the sample, and spectrophotometers suitable for such work are commercially available. However, these instruments have two major drawbacks when measuring the reflectance of a sample. First, in comparison type