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从七十年代中期以来,苏联一直在认真探索国际分工的优越性,以解决提高生产效率的问题。这表现在它的对外贸易的增长(从1975年的507亿卢布增加到1981年的1,097亿卢布)和贸易对象的增加(从1975年的115个国家增加到1981年的142个国家)。1981年苏联的出口(571亿卢布)超过了进口(526亿卢布),出现了贸易顺差。经济学的基本原理认为:一个国家的经济愈发展,它的生产结构愈多样化,那么它的经济的内部联系和外部联系愈广泛。此外,一个国家的人均产值愈高,它就愈能发展内部经济关系和对外经济联系。
Since the mid-1970s, the Soviet Union has been earnestly exploring the superiority of the international division of labor so as to solve the problem of raising the production efficiency. This is reflected in the increase in its foreign trade (from 50.7 billion rubles in 1975 to 109.7 billion rubles in 1981) and an increase in the number of trade partners (from 115 in 1975 to 142 in 1981). In 1981, Soviet exports (57.1 billion rubles) surpassed imports (52.6 billion rubles) and a trade surplus emerged. The basic principle of economics holds that: The more the economy of a country develops and the more diversified its production structure, the wider its internal and external links with its economy. In addition, the higher the per-capita output value of a country, the more it can develop internal economic relations and foreign economic relations.