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为提高小麦种子高活力优异组合的选配效率,选用种子活力水平有显著差异的天麦535(P_1)、新麦23(P_2)、现农1号(P_3)、西农889(P_4)、小偃22(P_5)和周麦18(P_6)6个小麦品种为材料,按照GriffingⅡ设计配制了15个杂交组合,对种子发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数、活力指数、电导率共5个种子活力性状进行配合力和遗传参数分析。结果表明,小麦种子活力主要受遗传因素控制。各种子活力性状一般配合力效应较高的亲本有P_6、P_5和P_4;P_2×P_5、P_3×P_5、P_3×P_6和P_4×P_5组合的特殊配合力较高;P_3×P_5、P_3×P_6、P_4×P_5、P_4×P_6和P_5×P_6组合的总体配合力较高;总体配合力可以作为高活力杂交组合评价的理论依据。发芽势、发芽指数和活力指数的遗传以加性效应为主,适宜早代选择;发芽率和电导率的遗传以非加性效应(显性效应及上位性效应)为主,适宜晚代选择。
In order to improve the matching efficiency of the excellent combination of high vigor and vigor of wheat seeds, three wheat cultivars, Tianmai 535 (P 1), Xinmai 23 (P 2), Xiannong 1 (P 3), Xinong 889 Xiaoyan 22 and P_6 were used as materials. Fifteen hybrid combinations were designed according to Griffing Ⅱ design. Five seeds were germinated, germinated, germinated, vigor index and conductivity Dynamic traits were analyzed for combining ability and genetic parameters. The results showed that the vigor of wheat seeds was mainly controlled by genetic factors. P_6, P_5 and P_4 were higher in the parents with higher GCA. The P_3 × P_5, P_3 × P_5, P_3 × P_6 and P_4 × P_5 combinations had higher specific combining ability. P_3 × P_5 and P_3 × P_6 , P_4 × P_5, P_4 × P_6 and P_5 × P_6 combinations had higher overall combining ability. The overall combining ability could be used as the theoretical basis for the evaluation of high vigor hybrid combinations. Germination potential, germination index and vigor index of the genetic additive effect, suitable for early selection; germination and conductivity of the genetic non-additive effect (dominant effect and epistasis) dominated, suitable for the late generation of options .