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针对熔覆成型件表面粗糙的难题,提出了在成形过程中对熔覆层侧壁进行飞秒激光精密加工的方法,重点研究了精密加工过程中飞秒激光的能量密度、能量分布、光斑重叠率对熔覆层侧壁粗糙度的影响规律,结果表明:当焦平面处飞秒激光的能量为高斯分布,加工得到的熔覆层侧壁表面粗糙度Ra<3μm时,激光能量密度介于0.12~0.34 J/cm~2之间;当能量为平顶分布并且加工后熔覆层侧壁表面粗糙度Ra<3μm时,最佳能量密度范围为0.13~0.66 J/cm~2;同等参数条件下,平顶能量分布激光加工得到覆层侧壁粗糙度小于能量高斯分布时的粗糙度数值。熔覆层侧壁粗糙度随光斑重叠率的增加先减小后增大,实验获得的最佳重叠率范围为78%~85%。
In order to solve the problem of surface roughness of cladding formed parts, a method of precisely machining femtosecond laser cladding on the cladding side during the forming process was proposed. The energy density, energy distribution and spot overlap of femtosecond laser during precision machining The results show that when the energy of the femtosecond laser at the focal plane is Gaussian distribution and the surface roughness of the cladding sidewall is less than 3μm, the laser energy density is between 0.12 ~ 0.34 J / cm ~ 2. The optimum energy density ranged from 0.13 to 0.66 J / cm ~ 2 when the energy was flattened and the surface roughness of the cladding was Ra <3μm. The same parameters Under the conditions, the flat top energy distribution laser processing to get the roughness of the cladding sidewall roughness is less than the energy Gaussian distribution. The roughness of the cladding side decreases firstly and then increases with the increase of the spot overlap rate. The optimum overlap rate ranged from 78% to 85%.