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18世纪末到内战前是美国工业化起步和工厂制度逐渐兴起的时期,资本主义生产方式对劳动力的需求使大批妇女参与到早期工业化进程中,构成重要的雇用劳动力群体,有力地推动了美国经济的初步发展。笔者认为,工业化进程初期美国妇女的工作呈现出诸多特点,包括女工主要来自中等收入水平的农村家庭,她们的工作周期较短、工作条件良好。参与有偿劳动导致妇女经济、家庭和社会角色的变化,为其全面争取妇女权利奠定了物质和组织基础。
The period from the end of the 18th century to the beginning of the Civil War was a period of industrialization and the gradual rise of the factory system in the United States. The demand for labor in the capitalist mode of production brought a large number of women into the process of early industrialization, constituting an important group of employed labor and effectively pushing the initial stage of the U.S. economy development of. The author believes that the work of American women in the early stages of industrialization showed many characteristics, including the fact that women workers mainly came from middle-income rural families, and their work cycles were short and their working conditions were good. Participation in paid labor has led to changes in women’s economic, family and social roles, laying the material and organizational foundation for their full empowerment of women.