“促进人的全面发展”是社会主义现代化建设的第一要务,这是建立在马克思关于人的发展论的基础之上的。马克思一生“只是希望在批判旧世界中发现新世界”。特定的历史背景和时代任务,决定了马克思主要是从批判资本主义异化劳动和雇佣劳动制度入手,探索无产阶级的解放和人的自由全面发展。因此,劳动问题一直是马克思关注的焦点。人的全面发展有两个基点:劳动、休闲。真正实现自身解放和自由全面发展的人是能够同时主宰自己劳动和休闲的人。 “Promoting the all-round development of the people” is the most important task in the socialist modernization drive. It is based on Marx’s theory of human development. Marx’s life “just hopes to find a new world in criticizing the old world.” The specific historical background and the task of the times determine that Marx mainly starts with criticizing alienated capitalism and the wage labor system and explores the liberation of the proletariat and the free and all-round development of human beings. Therefore, the issue of labor has always been the focus of Marxism. There are two basic points in the all-round development of man: labor and leisure. The people who truly realize their own liberation and their free and all-round development are those who can dominate their own labor and leisure at the same time.