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基于热作用的激光烧蚀加工已成为解决超硬磨料砂轮修整的有效手段之一。由于激光和待加工材料相互作用机理复杂 ,导致直接用激光进行烧蚀加工的精度不可能预先精确地确定。本文设计了一套以DSP芯片为微处理器的在线检测、控制激光烧蚀加工的闭环控制电路系统。该系统以声光调QYAG连续激光作为测量光源 ,采用光学三角测量装置将光斑投射到光电位置传感器PSD上 ,将待加工表面相对指定位置的偏移反映为光斑在PSD上的位置变化。闭环控制电路对位置变化电流信号进行实时处理 ,转变为控制脉冲输出 ,经过调制和放大 ,控制声光调QYAG激光巨脉冲的发射 ,从而对激光烧蚀加工进行有效控制 ,得到较理想的整形精度。本控制系统的特点是 :它的初始信号是一常数值为零 ,直接利用测量信号进行控制 ,这对测量和控制电路的实时性要求较高 ,本系统能够满足实时性的要求 ,系统具有一定的抗干扰能力 ,能在高频脉冲烧蚀加工的条件下正常工作。
Laser ablation processing based on thermal effect has become one of the effective methods to solve the dressing of super abrasive abrasive wheel. Due to the complicated mechanism of the interaction between the laser and the material to be processed, it is not possible to accurately determine the accuracy of laser ablation directly. This paper designed a set of DSP chip microprocessor for on-line detection, control of laser ablation processing closed-loop control circuit system. The system uses acousto-optic QYAG continuous laser as the measuring light source, and uses the optical triangulation device to project the light spot to the photoelectric position sensor PSD. The offset of the surface to be machined relative to the specified position is reflected as the change of the spot position on the PSD. The closed-loop control circuit real-time processes the current signal of the position change and changes it into a control pulse output. After modulation and amplification, the emission of the giant-pulse QYAG laser is controlled so that the laser ablation processing can be controlled effectively to obtain the better shaping accuracy . The control system is characterized by: its initial signal is a constant value of zero, the direct use of measurement signals for control, which requires real-time measurement and control circuits higher, the system can meet the real-time requirements, the system has a certain Anti-interference ability, can work in high-frequency pulse ablation processing conditions.