人力资本是指投资于健康、教育、培训等方面所形成的活性资本,存在于人体之中的具有经济价值的知识、技能和体力等质量因素之和,兼具有自然和社会属性。人力资本可以通过家庭教育、学校教育、在职教育、技能培训、医疗卫生保健、劳动力转移和就业信息传递和搜集等途径获得,进而在人的身心健康、知识技能、道德修养、组织管理、创新水平等方面得到提升。作为“活性资本”的人力资本比物质、货币等“刚性资本”具有更强的创新性和广阔的增值空间,特别是在当前信息时代和知识经济迅猛发展的背景下,人力资本所具有的边际报酬递增的属性, Human capital refers to investing in active capital formed in aspects of health, education, training, etc., and having the economic value of the knowledge, skills and physical strength that exist in the human body, and having both natural and social attributes. Human capital can be obtained through family education, school education, on-the-job education, skills training, medical and health care, labor force transfer and employment information transmission and collection, which in turn can make people's physical and mental health, knowledge and skills, moral cultivation, organizational management and innovation And so on. Human capital as “active capital ” has more innovative and broader value-added space than material, currency, etc. “rigid capital ”. Especially under the background of the current information age and the rapid development of knowledge-based economy, human capital With the increasing marginal returns of the attributes,