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茶叶黄色素是从茶叶中提取的化合物,主要成分是黄烷醇类及其氧化产物、黄酮类等。早在60年代,前苏联就有从红、绿茶中提取食用绿色素和黄色素的专利报道。近年来,由于天然色素食用的安全性及其茶叶的医疗保健功能,茶叶色素在食品、医疗保健等领域得到越来越广泛的应用,例如,用茶叶黄酮类作为除臭剂生产的口香糖、牙膏,由红茶色素制成的红茶果冻等。都受到消费者的欢迎。此外,在医学上,茶色素具有显著的促进纤溶、降低血小板粘附率及控制动脉粥样硬化的形成等作用。茶叶黄色素是笔者在进行茶叶综合利用研究中新开发的一种茶叶色素,为了使茶叶黄色素在食品、医疗、保健等领域得到更好的应用,笔者对其性质进行了较系统的研究。 材料和方法 绿茶提取液经溶剂处理,分别提取出多酚类化合物、嘌呤碱、多糖等物质后,其黄色溶液经真空浓缩,喷雾干燥制得黄色素。 测定黄色素溶液在400～700nm波长范围内的光谱特性,以及pH值、温度、溶液浓度、光照及各种介质对黄色素溶液400nm波长下消光值的影响,观察溶液颜色及澄清度的变化。
Tea yellow pigment is extracted from tea compounds, the main components are flavanols and their oxidation products, flavonoids and so on. As early as the 1960s, the former Soviet Union has extracted from the red and green tea edible green pigment and yellow pigment patent. In recent years, due to the safety of edible natural pigments and the health care function of tea, tea pigments have been more and more widely used in the fields of food and healthcare, for example, chewing gum and toothpaste produced with tea flavones as deodorant , Black tea jelly made of black tea pigment and the like. Are welcomed by consumers. In addition, medically, tea pigment has a significant role in promoting fibrinolysis, reducing platelet adhesion rate and controlling the formation of atherosclerosis. Tea yellow pigment is a newly developed tea pigment in the study of comprehensive utilization of tea. In order to make the yellow pigment of tea better applied in the fields of food, medical treatment and health care, the author made a systematic study of its properties. MATERIALS AND METHODS Green tea extracts were solvent-treated to extract polyphenols, purine bases and polysaccharides, respectively, and the yellow solution was concentrated in vacuo and spray-dried to obtain yellow pigment. The spectral characteristics of yellow pigment solution in the wavelength range from 400 to 700 nm were measured. The effects of pH value, temperature, solution concentration, illumination and extinction of various media on the yellow dye solution at 400 nm were observed. The changes of color and clarity of the solution were observed.