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目的分析上海市虹口区青少年人群中百日咳全抗体水平,为人群百日咳免疫策略提供依据。方法 2010年在上海市虹口区内随机选择6~10岁、11~14岁及15~19岁的健康青少年225人,对青少年百日咳疫苗免疫史和持续≥14 d咳嗽史进行调查。采集静脉血样,分离血清,用ELISA法检测百日咳全抗体Ig G。结果实际纳入研究的对象共214人,百日咳疫苗全程接种率为93.93%,持续2周以上咳嗽患病率为15.42%;青少年人群百日咳全抗体GMT水平为21.88 U/ml,全抗体阳性(Ig G≥50 U/ml)率为26.64%,高抗体水平(Ig G≥100 U/ml)阳性率为15.42%;各年龄组百日咳全抗体GMT(F=19.90)、抗体阳性率(χ2=18.19)和高抗体水平阳性率(χ2=9.73)差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01),随年龄增长均呈显著上升趋势(P<0.01);1年内有持续2周以上咳嗽史人群百日咳全抗体GMT(t=2.505)、抗体阳性率(χ2=7.071)和高抗体水平阳性率(χ2=6.626)均明显高于无2周以上咳嗽史人群(P均<0.05)。结论虹口区青少年人群中存在百日咳感染病例被漏诊或未发现;现行百日咳疫苗免疫程序对青少年不具有持久的保护作用。为虹口区青少年人群的百日咳疫苗免疫策略提供科学依据,有必要进一步开展医院/社区百日咳病例的前瞻性主动监测。
Objective To analyze the level of pertussis antibodies in juvenile population in Hongkou District of Shanghai and provide evidence for the immunization strategy of pertussis in the population. Methods In 2010, 225 healthy healthy adolescents aged 6 ~ 10, 11 ~ 14 and 15 ~ 19 years old were randomly selected in Hongkou district of Shanghai to investigate the immunization history of juvenile pertussis vaccine and the history of persistent cough for more than 14 days. Venous blood samples were collected, serum was separated, and Ig pertussis antibody Ig was detected by ELISA. Results A total of 214 subjects were enrolled in the study. The full vaccination rate of pertussis vaccine was 93.93% and the prevalence of cough for more than two weeks was 15.42%. The GMT level of pertussis antibody in adolescents was 21.88 U / ml, IgA The antibody positive rate (χ2 = 18.19) was significantly higher than that of the control group (≥50 U / ml), the rate of high antibody (Ig G≥100 U / ml) was 15.42% (Χ2 = 9.73) (P <0.01), and all showed a significant upward trend with age (P <0.01). In one year there was a history of cough in Persons with Pertussis Total Antibody The positive rate of antibody (χ2 = 7.071) and high antibody (χ2 = 6.626) were significantly higher in GMT (t = 2.505) than in those without history of cough over 2 weeks (all P <0.05). Conclusions The prevalence of pertussis infection among young people in Hongkou District was missed or not found. The current immunization program for pertussis vaccine did not have lasting protective effect on adolescents. To provide a scientific basis for the immunization strategy of pertussis vaccine for young people in Hongkou District, it is necessary to further carry out proactive and proactive monitoring of pertussis cases in hospitals / communities.