化学是以实验为基础形成化学基本概念、建立系统化学理论的自然科学。科学探究是化学新课程倡导的主要学习方式,同时也是新课程重要的学习内容和学习目标。实验是科学探究的基本途径和重要手段,而对比实验是运用比较的方法揭示事物的性质和变化规律的一类实验。在中学化学教材中多处设计了对比实验,让学生更好地理解、记忆所学知识。教师若能很好地运用对比实验,不仅可以有效地帮助学生学好化学知识,培养实验能力,还可以帮助训练学生思维的灵活性、发散性和创造性等,并能使学 Chemistry is based on the experiment to form the basic concepts of chemistry, the establishment of systematic chemistry theory of the natural sciences. Scientific inquiry is the main learning style advocated by the new chemistry curriculum and also an important learning content and learning goal of the new curriculum. Experiments are the basic approach and important means of scientific inquiry, while comparative experiments are a kind of experiments that reveal the nature and changing rules of things by comparative methods. In the middle school chemistry teaching materials, many experiments were designed to make students better understand and remember what they have learned. If teachers can make good use of comparative experiments, not only can they help students to learn chemistry effectively and develop experimental ability, but also can help train students’ flexibility, divergence and creativity in thinking,