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流域水环境和水资源质量状况事关供水安全和经济社会发展稳定。以二龙山水库流域为例,指出了水资源环境挑战,分析了水环境面临的森林系统功能降低、洪旱灾害压力增加,水土流失、面源污染等7方面问题。按照流域总体规划,提出流域水环境建设应建立水环境保护生态补偿机制,从分水岭到水库分区构建山地森林生态体系、矿区工程植物措施、景区建设管理措施、河库湿地生态修复管护措施和小流域综合治理管理模式等配套措施,形成控制水污染保持水清洁的措施体系,恢复流域生态环境。
The water environment and quality of water resources in the river basin are related to the safety of water supply and the stable economic and social development. Taking Erlongshan reservoir basin as an example, this paper points out the challenges of water resources and environment, and analyzes the problems such as the decrease of forest system functions, the increase of pressure from floods and droughts, soil erosion and non-point source pollution. According to the overall plan of the river basin, it is proposed that the ecological compensation mechanism of water environment protection should be established to construct the mountain forest ecological system from the watershed to the reservoir zoning, the plant engineering measures in the mining area, the management measures of scenic area construction, the ecological restoration and management measures of the Hekuang wetland and the small Comprehensive management of watershed management mode and other ancillary measures to form a control system to maintain water pollution clean water system to restore the basin ecological environment.