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磁共振成像(MRI)具有无电离辐射、高度软组织分辨率及多平面成像的特点，已广泛应用于儿童肿瘤诊断。常规MRI成像技术主要提供肿瘤的大体形态学信息，无法显示肿瘤的生理及病理变化。近年来随着MRI硬件及软件的快速发展，一些功能成像技术开始应用于临床，并成为儿童肿瘤MRI应用的一个重要发展方向。这些功能成像技术包括MR灌注成像、弥散加权成像、波谱成像技术、磁敏感加权成像技术。这些新技术可以提供肿瘤微观结构信息，结合常规MRI技术，将会对儿童肿瘤的诊治及随访带来更多的帮助。“,”Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), featuring as no ionizing radiation, higher soft tissue resolution and multiplanar imaging, has been widely used in the diagnosis of pediatric tumors. Conventional MRI techniques mainly provide information on morphological information of tumors but cannot display physiological and pathological changes in tumors. In recent years, with rapid development of MRI hardware and software, some functional MRI technologies have been applied in clinical practice and have become an important trend on pediatric oncology. These techniques include perfusion-weighted imaging, diffusion-weighted imaging, magnetic resonance spectroscopy, susceptibility weighted imaging. These new technologies can demonstrate the microstructural information of tumors, which will provide more helpful information for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up in pediatric tumors when combined with conventional MRI techniques.