30多年来,中国新近纪堆积物中发现了大量的小哺乳动物化石,但一些种类的材料很少,而且仅在个别地点出现,在动物群中常以未定属、种记述。详细描述了4种罕见的啮齿动物,其中3种,泗洪豪鼠(Sayimys sihongensis)、亚洲别齿始鼠(Apeomys asiaticus)和新来鼠(未定种)(Neocometes sp.)发现于江苏泗洪早中新世下草湾组,一种,细小云南始鼠(Yuneomys pusillus)产自云南禄丰晚中新世石灰坝组。与欧亚或北美有关材料的比较研究表明,江苏泗洪标本无法归入相关属的任何已知种,因此被确定了两个新种(S.sihongensis和A.asiaticus);禄丰原归入Leptodontomys pusillus的标本与该属的特征不符,被指定为新属Ynueomys。泗洪的A.asiaticus和Neocometes sp.分别代表该属在亚洲和中国的首次记录;它们与S.sihongensis在亚洲远东地区的出现,增加了我们对这些稀有动物地理分布和欧亚古生物地理关系的知识。禄丰的新属Yuneomys与共生的Plesieomys和Heteroeomys属同为丘齿型始鼠类,可能都属热带或亚热带森林型动物;在禄丰动物群中缺少脊齿型始鼠类,与华北动物群的组成不同,似乎表明华南和华北始鼠动物群在中新世期间已有明显的分异,进而支持这一时期亚洲出现了不同生态区系的设想。 For more than 30 years, a large number of small mammal fossils have been found in the Neogene sediments in China. However, some species are rare and appear only in some places. They are often undetermined in the fauna. Four rare rodents were described in detail, of which three species, Sayimys sihongensis, Apeomys asiaticus and Neocometes sp. Were found in Sihong, Jiangsu The Early Miocene Xiaochawan Formation, a small, endemic Yuneomys pusillus originates from the Lufeng Late Miocene lime dam in Yunnan Province. A comparative study with Eurasian or North American related materials showed that Sihong specimens from Jiangsu could not be classified as any known species of the genus, so two new species (S. sihongensis and A. asaticus) were identified; The specimen of Leptodontomys pusillus did not match the genus of this genus and was designated as the new genus Ynueomys. The A.asiaticus and Neocometes sp. In Sihong represent the first record of the genus in Asia and China, respectively; their presence with S. sihongensis in the Far East of Asia has increased our knowledge of the geographical distribution of these rare animals and the Eurasian palaeogeography know how. The new genus Yuneomys in Lufeng and the symbiotic Plesieomys and Heteroeomys belong to the same genus as the first member of the genus Curtis and may belong to the tropical or subtropical forest animals. There is a lack of spiny toothed species in the Lufeng fauna, , Suggesting that there have been significant divergences in southern China and North China during the Miocene period in order to support the idea that different ecologically-derived fossils have emerged in Asia during this period.