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随着中国企业海外投资规模的不断扩大,海外投资的最终实质性的法律保护将成为企业关注的焦点之一。在实践中,ICSID对跨境输出的资本保护力度最高,但在投资争议中涉及的“公司国籍”认定问题由于不同法学理论,导致了大量相互不一致、甚至冲突的判决案例。本文从外国投资者的范围与定义、公司投资者国籍认定的复杂性、双边条约签约双方的约定内容、刺破公司面纱原则的应用、条约利益的否定,以及诚信原则为出发点,整理归纳出一些原则,为实践者提供国际投资架构的设计基础,以便于投资者最终获得ICSID的司法管辖权,并获得ICSID的法律保护。
As the scale of overseas investment by Chinese enterprises continues to expand, the ultimate substantive legal protection of overseas investment will become one of the focuses of the enterprises. In practice, ICSID has the highest level of capital protection on cross-border exports, but the issue of “nationality of company” identified in investment disputes has led to numerous cases of inconsistent and even conflicting judgments due to different jurisprudential theories. This article starts from the definition and scope of foreign investors, the complexity of the identification of the nationality of the investors of the company, the content of the agreement between the parties to the bilateral treaty, the application of the principle of breaking the company, the negation of the treaty interests, and the principle of good faith, Principle to provide practitioners with a design basis for an international investment architecture so that investors ultimately have jurisdiction over ICSIDs and are legally protected by ICSIDs.