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高速工具钢是由钨、钼、铬、钒和钴为主要合金元素组成高碳高合金莱氏体型钢种。它被广泛用于制造高温、高速切削刀具。因此,对高速工具钢的制造方法、热处理工艺、化学成份、机械性能的检验都有比较严格的要求。几年来在进口钢材检验工作中,我们收集了有关高速工具钢的国外标准,如美国ASTM A600—69,日本JIS G4403—68,苏联ΓOCT5952—63,英国BS4659—71以及德国VDE—SEWB320—63等。在使用这些标准过程中,我们对金相检验方法和评级图提出一些意见和看法,与金相工作者商榷。一、有关高速工具钢的低倍检验问题高速工具钢的低倍检验主要是热酸浸试验,即通过热酸腐蚀显示高速钢的宏观组织,以有无中心疏松、一般疏松、偏析、气泡、白点、夹杂物等缺陷来检查钢材的宏观质量。目前,国内外高速工具钢宏观检验方法:(见表一)
High-speed tool steel is composed of tungsten, molybdenum, chromium, vanadium and cobalt as the main alloying elements composed of high-carbon high-alloy ledeburite steel. It is widely used in the manufacture of high-temperature, high-speed cutting tools. Therefore, the high-speed tool steel manufacturing methods, heat treatment process, chemical composition, mechanical properties of the test has more stringent requirements. Over the past few years in the inspection of imported steel, we collected foreign standards on high-speed tool steel, such as the United States ASTM A600-69, Japan JIS G4403-68, the Soviet Union ΓOCT5952-63, the United Kingdom BS4659-71 and Germany VDE-SEWB320-63, etc. . In the process of using these standards, we put forward some opinions and opinions on metallographic examination methods and grading charts, and discuss with metallurgical workers. First, the low-speed test of high-speed tool steel test Low-speed test of high-speed tool steel is mainly hot acid leaching test that hot-acid corrosion shows the macro-organization of high-speed steel, with or without center loose, generally loose, segregation, White spots, inclusions and other defects to check the macro quality of steel. At present, the domestic and international high-speed tool steel macro inspection methods: (see Table I)