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狂犬病以两种流行病学形式存在,即城市狂犬病和森林狂犬病.从地理上看,预防狂犬病应使用三种不同的疫苗接种策略.第一,在英国等无病地区,对有职业危险者不论在国内还是在国外均行接触前免疫接种.第二,在有森林狂犬病的气侯温和的工业化国家(如美国和欧洲大陆),通过对犬的免疫接种和其他控制措施来减少狂犬病传播给人;同英国一样,实行接触前免疫接种;较少采用接触后治疗.第三,在有城市狂犬病的第三世界国家,首先考虑的是犬的免疫接种和消灭无人管理的犬.在这些地区常用接触后治疗,但是可提供的疫苗免疫原性弱,并且常引起严重的不良反应.
Rabies exists in two epidemiological forms, namely urban rabies and rabies, and geographically three different vaccination strategies should be used to prevent rabies: First, in occupationally-exposed areas such as the United Kingdom, Pre-exposure immunization, both nationally and internationally Second, to reduce the spread of rabies to humans by vaccinating dogs and other controls in industrialized countries with mild weather in rabies (eg the United States and the European continent) ; As in the United Kingdom, pre-exposure immunization; less post-exposure treatment. Third, in third world countries with urban rabies, the first consideration is dog immunization and the elimination of unmanaged dogs. Common post-exposure treatments are available, but the vaccines that are available are immunogenic and often cause serious adverse reactions.