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目的:探讨经心脏穿刺和剪尾2种采血方式对新生SD大鼠血常规的影响;建立其血常规正常参考值范围;研究发育过程中血常规各项、血细胞形态和血清铁(SI)的消长变化及其相互关系,揭示SI变化的可能机理。方法:新生鼠出生后1、2、3、7和14 d,经全自动血液分析仪检测心脏血和鼠尾血中红细胞(RBC)计数、血红蛋白(HGB)含量、血小板(PLT)计数和白细胞(WBC)计数的改变;通过瑞氏-姬姆萨染色观察2种血液中血细胞形态的差别,及其在不同发育阶段的变化情况;选择心脏穿刺采血建立血常规正常值参考范围;经血液生化分析仪检测各时点心脏血SI含量变化;统计学分析发育时间、血常规各项及SI含量三者间的动态关系。结果:鼠尾血中RBC计数、HGB含量和WBC计数均高于心脏血,且RBC碎片较多;RBC形态随发育逐渐成熟稳定,其碎片亦明显减少;发育时间与心脏血中RBC和PLT计数呈正相关(P<0.01),与HGB含量、红细胞压积(HCT)、红细胞平均体积(MCV)、平均血红蛋白量(MCH)、平均血红蛋白浓度(MCHC)、WBC计数和SI含量呈负相关(P<0.01)。SI含量与RBC计数呈负相关(P<0.05),与MCV(P<0.01)和MCH(P<0.05)则呈显著正相关。结论:经心脏采血能建立相对完善的正常新生SD大鼠血常规参考值范围;新生鼠血常规各项与发育时间存在显著相关性;发育早期RBC的不稳定性可能是导致SI含量在发育早期较高的原因。
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of two methods of blood sampling, including cardiac puncture and tail-cutting, on the blood routine of newborn SD rats. To establish the normal reference range of blood routine, to study the blood routine, blood cell morphology and serum iron Changes in growth and decline and their correlations reveal the possible mechanism of SI changes. Methods: The newborn rats were sacrificed at 1, 2, 3, 7 and 14 days after birth. The RBC count, hemoglobin (HGB), platelet count (PLT) (WBC) count changes were observed; Wright-Giemsa staining was used to observe the differences of blood cell morphology in two kinds of blood and their changes at different developmental stages; the selection of cardiac puncture blood was used to establish the blood routine normal reference range; Analyzer detected heart blood SI levels at various time points; and statistically analyzed the dynamic relationship between developmental time, blood routine and SI levels. Results: RBC count, HGB content and WBC count in rat tail blood were all higher than those in heart blood, and there were more RBC fragments. RBC morphology gradually matured with its development and its fragments were also significantly reduced. The developmental time was correlated with the counts of RBC and PLT (P <0.01), and negatively correlated with HGB content, HCT, MCV, MCH, MCHC, WBC and SI <0.01). The SI content was negatively correlated with RBC count (P <0.05), but positively correlated with MCV (P <0.01) and MCH (P <0.05). CONCLUSION: Blood samples collected from the heart can establish a relatively complete range of blood routine reference values for normal newborn SD rats. There is a significant correlation between the blood routine and the developmental time in neonatal rats. The instability of RBC in early development may result in the early development of SI The higher reason.