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英语和汉语都有被动语态,但两种语言对被动语态的使用却常常不同。同一个语境,同样的含义,英语往往用被动语态表达,汉语却习惯于用主动语态,主要原因是英文考虑的重点是事情,即受动者,而汉语考虑的重点则是人,即施动者。虽然汉语中有“被”字可用来表示被动,但是在更多情况下我们并不执着于主语与谓语之间究竟有什么关系。因而一般使用主动形式。本文从结构形式、语义含义、使用语境、语用功能四个方面对英汉被动句的特征作了概述,希望通过分析比较其异同,对英语学习者有一定的帮助。
Both English and Chinese have passive voice, but the two languages often use passive voice differently. The same context, the same meaning, English is often used to express passive voice, Chinese is accustomed to using active voice, the main reason is that English is the focus of attention is the matter, that is, those who move, while the Chinese is the focus of consideration of people, The actors. Although the Chinese word “被” can be used to mean passive, in more cases we are not concerned with the relationship between subject and predicate. Therefore, the general use of active form. This paper summarizes the characteristics of passive English and Chinese sentences from four aspects: structure, semantic meaning, usage context and pragmatic function. It is hoped that this thesis can help English learners by analyzing and comparing their similarities and differences.