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土地龛是中国传统祭祀建筑的一个特殊存在,也是在中国农耕体系下产生的文化景观。土地龛与其他建筑构件不同。它几乎不具有实用意义,但千百年来,它在人们心目中却有着不可替代的作用,是人们在农耕文明背景下形成的精神寄托物。本文从土地龛的雕刻纹饰艺术入手,探讨土地龛雕刻的文化象征性,希望对我国建筑民俗研究的发展有所助益。“土地神”通常被称为“社神”。《孝经纬》云:“社者,土地之神。”[1]在古代传说中,土地神通常是身份最低的神,他们只分管人间的
Land niches are a special existence of traditional Chinese worshiping buildings and cultural landscapes produced under China’s farming system. The niche is different from other building components. It has almost no practical significance, but for thousands of years it has an irreplaceable role in people’s minds and is the spiritual sustenance that people form under the background of farming civilization. This article starts with the carving decorative art of the niche and discusses the cultural symbolism of the carvings of the land niches. It is hoped that it will be helpful to the development of the study of architectural folk custom in our country. “God of the land ” is usually called “God of the gods ”. “Filial piety and war” Cloud: “Society, the god of land.” [1] In ancient legends, the land of God is usually the lowest status of God, they are only in charge of human