一、引言 自然科学可分成两大类:物理科学(Physical Sciences,包括物理学、化学、地质学、天文学)及生命科学(Biological Seiences,Biology原意是Science Of life processes)。前者研究无生命自然界中物质的行动和变化,而后者则研究有生命的,两者都是试图把观察测量的实践经验归结成规律性的认识,力求借此能作出准确的科学预言,冀能指导进一步的实践,而有所发明创造,为人类社会实践提供资料和办法。试图单靠物理科学研究所认 I. INTRODUCTION Natural science can be divided into two major categories: Physical Sciences (including Physics, Chemistry, Geology, Astronomy) and Biological Sciences (Biological Seiences, Biology for Science Of life processes). The former studies the actions and changes of matter in inanimate nature, while the latter studies the life, both of which are attempts to classify the practical experience of observation and measurement into a regularity, in order to make accurate scientific predictions, Guide further practice, and some inventions and innovations to provide information and methods for the practice of human society. Trying to rely solely on physical science research recognized