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知识产权担保应当具有防止滥用、赔偿权利人损失和海关赔偿风险的作用。目前,我国知识产权海关担保制度存在担保形式单一、担保金额偏高等诸多问题。从保护知识产权的角度来看,担保金额设置较高可能阻碍权利人寻求救济;设置过低则容易启动程序,遭到权利人滥用。制度完善应当秉持其海关担保的目的,在动态调整以适应贸易便利化需要的同时,契合不同权利人的需求,提高知识产权海关担保的实效性。从促进知识产权保护角度来看,总担保制度应适用于所有海关保护客体,应当允许企业自身提供信用担保和知识产权质押担保,并根据个案动态调整担保金额。从促进通关便利角度来看,完善反担保放行制度,将商标和著作权相关反担保放行申请交由法院裁决。
The guarantee of intellectual property should have the function of preventing abuse, compensating the loss of the right holder and the risk of the customs compensation. At present, China’s customs security system for intellectual property has many problems, such as a single form of guarantee and a high guarantee amount. From the perspective of the protection of intellectual property rights, setting a higher guarantee amount may hinder the obligee from seeking relief; if it is too low, it will be easy to start the procedure and be abused by the obligee. Institutional improvement should uphold the purpose of its customs guarantee, dynamic adjustment to meet the needs of trade facilitation at the same time, meet the needs of different rights holders, and improve the effectiveness of the security of intellectual property Customs. From the perspective of promoting the protection of intellectual property rights, the general guarantee system should be applicable to all customs to protect the object, should allow enterprises to provide their own credit guarantee and intellectual property pledge guarantees, and dynamically adjust the amount of guarantees based on individual cases. From the perspective of facilitating the customs clearance, we will improve the anti-guarantee system, and submit the application for anti-guarantee of trademarks and copyrights to the court for ruling.