一、前言密封装置(seal)就是一方面用于防止各和机器中的润滑剂、水等液体及空气、煤气等气体或者粉末等泄漏至外部,另一方面用于防止外部脏物、异物侵入的装置。这些密封装置,遍及以汽车为主的液压、空气机,原子能工业,电气化制品等所有的工业领域。在机器的维护、润滑和管理方面是不可缺少的。可以说,密封技术的进步对机器性能和可靠性的提高作出的贡献是很大的。密封装置,根据使用条件和使用环境,种类很多。所用材料也涉及橡胶,金属,树脂,纤维等多方面。在这些材料中,橡胶材料用的特别多。这在很大程度上是由于橡胶 I. Preface The seal is used to prevent leakage of liquids such as lubricant and water, air, gas, powder, etc. in each and every machine to the outside, on the one hand, and foreign particles and foreign materials on the other hand s installation. These seals are found in all industrial sectors such as automotive-based hydraulics, aircrafts, nuclear power plants, electrification products and the like. In the maintenance of machinery, lubrication and management is indispensable. It can be said that the progress of sealing technology to improve the performance and reliability of the machine to make a great contribution. Sealing devices, according to the conditions of use and use of the environment, a wide range. The materials used also involve rubber, metal, resin, fiber and many more. Among these materials, rubber materials are particularly used. This is due in large part to the rubber