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目的了解武汉市职业性肿瘤的发生情况和流行病学特征,为制定预防和控制措施提供依据。方法收集2007—2014年武汉市职业性肿瘤的上报数据,采用SPSS 20.0进行数据分析。结果 2007—2014年武汉市共发生职业性肿瘤44例,其中苯所致白血病7例,焦炉逸散物所致肺癌37例。焦炉逸散物所致肺癌中男性34例,女性3例,年龄范围为46~81岁,平均为(63.1±8.6)岁,男性和女性年龄差异无统计学意义(t=0.09,P=0.928);工龄范围为3~39年,平均为(22.8±10.8)年,男性和女性工龄差异有统计学意义(t=11.72,P<0.001)。结论武汉市职业性肿瘤包括苯所致白血病和焦炉逸散物所致肺癌,主要为焦炉逸散物所致肺癌,且以男性为主,需加强对男性工人发病的重视。
Objective To understand the occurrence and epidemiological characteristics of occupational tumors in Wuhan and provide evidence for the development of prevention and control measures. Methods The report data of occupational tumors in Wuhan from 2007 to 2014 were collected and analyzed by SPSS 20.0. Results A total of 44 cases of occupational tumors were observed in Wuhan from 2007 to 2014, including 7 cases of benzene-induced leukemia and 37 cases of lung cancer caused by coke oven. There were 34 males and 3 females with lung cancer in the coke oven, with an average age of (63.1 ± 8.6) years and 46-81 years of age. There was no significant difference in the age of males and females (t = 0.09, P = 0.928). The length of service ranged from 3 to 39 years, with an average of (22.8 ± 10.8) years. There was a significant difference in the age of service between males and females (t = 11.72, P <0.001). CONCLUSIONS Occupational cancers in Wuhan include lung cancer caused by benzene-induced leukemia and coke oven discharge, mainly lung cancer caused by coke oven fugitives, and are predominantly male, which needs to be emphasized in the incidence of male workers.