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采用反平衡法测试泵的效率,具有测试参数少(不需要测定泵流量)、易于实现等优点,但是原油等熵压缩温升参数及其测试方法需要深入研究。实测液体等熵压缩温升要在绝热、压力稳定的条件下进行,并取升压测得的温升Δt_p和降压测得的温降Δt_p′的算术平均值,作为等熵压缩温升。从对原油实测的等熵压缩温升结果来看,原油的等熵压缩温升与原油性质、被压缩原油的温度、压力、密度有关,其中与原油密度的关系较为明显。介绍了测试这一参数的测定原理,设计、创造一个热力条件近似绝热,泵压易调节且运行稳定的测试工艺流程,按测试步骤规定的要求直接测取原油被压缩前后的温度。应用实测的原油等熵压缩温升对输油泵进行反平衡法测算泵效率,与同时进行正平衡法测算结果比较,其相对误差仅为2％,完全符合ISO标准中B级测试(≤2.8％)的要求。
The anti-balance method is used to test the efficiency of the pump, which has the advantages of less testing parameters (no need to measure the pump flow rate) and easy to implement. However, the isentropic compression temperature rise parameters and testing methods need further study. Measured liquid isentropic compression temperature rise should be carried out under adiabatic and pressure-stable conditions, taking the arithmetic mean of the temperature rise Δt_p measured by the pressure rise and the temperature drop Δt_p measured by the pressure reduction as the isentropic compression temperature rise. Judging from the measured isentropic compression temperature rise of crude oil, the isentropic compression temperature rise of crude oil is related to the properties of crude oil, the temperature, pressure and density of the compressed crude oil, and the relationship with the crude oil density is obvious. The principle of testing this parameter is introduced, and a test process of thermal insulation with approximate adiabaticity in heating conditions, easy adjustment of pump pressure and stable operation is introduced. The temperature before and after compression of crude oil is measured directly according to the requirements stipulated in test procedures. Applying the measured isentropic compression temperature rise of crude oil to calculate the pump efficiency of the oil pump by the anti-balance method, the relative error is only 2% compared with the result of the positive balance method, which fully complies with the ISO standard B level test (≤2.8% ) Requirements.