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目的:比较咳嗽敏感增高豚鼠模型两种造模方法的优劣。方法:选用SPF级Hartley雄性豚鼠30只,随机分成两组,每组15只,分别为模型Ⅰ组和模型Ⅱ组。模型Ⅰ为环磷酰胺加高剂量卵蛋白腹腔注射主动免疫,模型Ⅱ为低剂量卵蛋白腹腔注射主动免疫,余方法一致。雾化激发后,两组豚鼠予以500μmol/L辣椒素溶液雾化吸入2 min,记录雾化后3 min内的咳嗽频次。两组豚鼠用10%水合氯醛,0.4 m L/100 g麻醉后,插管上机,颈静脉注射生理盐水及不同浓度乙酰甲胆碱溶液进行气道激发,并测定其阻力。结果:辣椒素雾化测定咳嗽频次方面,Ⅰ组和模型Ⅱ组比较,无明显差异(P>0.05);在生理盐水和不同乙酰甲胆碱溶液浓度进行激发气道阻力测定方面,生理盐水、乙酰甲胆碱400 mg/L、800 mg/L,3组无明显差别(P>0.05),在乙酰甲胆碱100 mg/L、200 mg/L激发时,模型Ⅱ组气道阻力远大于模型Ⅰ组(P>0.05)。结论:咳嗽敏感增高豚鼠模型Ⅰ与模型Ⅱ在咳嗽敏感性方面无明显差别,但模型Ⅱ的气道收缩反应更为强烈,较低浓度乙酰甲胆碱就使气道阻力达到峰值,而模型Ⅰ豚鼠气道阻力随着乙酰甲胆碱浓度增高而平缓上升,能够很好模拟咳嗽敏感性增高。
Objective: To compare the advantages and disadvantages of two modeling methods for cough-sensitive guinea pig model. Methods: Thirty male Sprague-Dawley male guinea pigs were randomly divided into two groups (n = 15), model Ⅰ and model Ⅱ. Model Ⅰ cyclophosphamide plus high-dose ovalbumin active immunization by intraperitoneal injection, model Ⅱ low-dose ovalbumin active immunization by intraperitoneal injection, the rest of the same method. After atomization, two groups of guinea pigs were inhaled with 500μmol / L capsaicin solution for 2 min, and the cough frequency within 3 min after atomization was recorded. Two groups of guinea pigs were anesthetized with 10% chloral hydrate, 0.4 m L / 100 g, intubated on the machine, jugular vein injection of normal saline and different concentrations of methacholine solution for airway excitation, and measured the resistance. Results: There was no significant difference in the cough frequency between capsaicin and sham-operated group Ⅱ (P> 0.05). In saline and different concentrations of methacholine, There were no significant differences among the three groups (P> 0.05), while the methacholine 400 mg / L and 800 mg / L showed no significant difference between the three groups (P> 0.05) Model group Ⅰ (P> 0.05). CONCLUSION: There is no significant difference in cough sensitivity between model Ⅰ and model Ⅱ in cough sensitive guinea pigs. However, the airway contractile response of model Ⅱ is more intense, the airway resistance peaked at lower concentration of methacholine, while model Ⅰ Airway resistance in guinea pigs rose gently with increasing methacholine concentration, and mimicked an increase in cough sensitivity.