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丙型肝炎(简称丙肝)由丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)感染所致,约80%感染者可发展成慢性肝炎,甚至肝硬化和肝癌。目前,丙肝的防治仍无有效的疫苗,临床治疗丙肝主要应用干扰素结合利巴韦林联合疗法,但治疗后HCV有效应答率不高,并伴有明显的副作用。目前对干扰素抗HCV作用的具体机制还不清楚。干扰素通过各种信号通路最终激活干扰素刺激基因(ISGs)的表达,其表达产物称为干扰素诱导蛋白,其中与HCV复制相关的主要有PKR、Mx A、ISG15、USP18等。近几年ISGs的抗HCV作用和机制的研究已经有了很大的突破,ISGs在抗HCV的作用也越来越受到人们重视。了解清楚ISGs对HCV的作用,对于研制新的抗病毒药物及提出新的抗病毒策略具有重要意义。
Hepatitis C (HCV) is caused by the hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, and about 80% of the infected people develop chronic hepatitis and even cirrhosis and liver cancer. At present, there is still no effective vaccine for the prevention and treatment of hepatitis C, and the clinical treatment of hepatitis C is mainly the combination of interferon and ribavirin. However, after treatment, the effective response rate of HCV is not high with obvious side effects. The specific mechanism of action of interferon against HCV is unclear. Interferon activates the expression of interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) through various signaling pathways. The expression product is called interferon-inducible protein. Among them, PKR, MxA, ISG15, USP18 and so on are mainly involved in HCV replication. In recent years, the anti-HCV effect and mechanism of ISGs have been greatly explored, and the role of ISGs in anti-HCV has also drawn more and more attention. To understand clearly the effect of ISGs on HCV is of great significance for developing new antiviral drugs and proposing new anti-viral strategies.