目的探讨应用MEA方案(米托蒽醌+足叶乙甙+阿糖胞苷)诱导缓解治疗急性非淋巴细胞白血病(ANLL)第7天追加化疗的疗效观察。方法采用MEA方案治疗初诊ANLL患者60例后,分为第7天追加化疗的治疗组(A组)28例和对照组(B组)32例,疗程结束后再次复查骨髓象,进行疗效评价。结果 A组CR率高于B组(82.1% vs. 56.3%)(P<0.05)。A组较B组粒细胞缺乏持续时间和发热持续时间延长(P<0.05)。两组在恶心、呕吐发生率,肝脏、心脏损害发生率及诱导治疗相关死亡率均无统计学差异。结论 MEA方案作为初诊ANLL一线治疗方案可取得良好疗效。 Objective To investigate the curative effect of adjuvant chemotherapy on the 7th day of acute non-lymphocytic leukemia (ANLL) induced by MEA regimen (mitoxantrone + etoposide + cytarabine). Methods A total of 60 patients with newly diagnosed ANLL were treated with MEA regimen and divided into treatment group (A) 28 cases and control group (B group) 32 cases on the 7th day after treatment. Results The CR rate in group A was higher than that in group B (82.1% vs. 56.3%) (P <0.05). The duration of agranulocytosis and duration of fever in group A were longer than those in group B (P <0.05). There was no significant difference between the two groups in the incidence of nausea and vomiting, incidence of liver and heart damage and induction of treatment-related mortality. Conclusion The MEA regimen as a first-line ANLL first-line treatment can achieve good results.