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一颗陨星以每秒钟11.6千米的速度与地球相撞,在地球上就会形成一个陨击坑。质量较大的陨星在撞击时释放出来的能量可达到相当于上千吨TNT炸药爆炸所释放出来的能量。陨星的重量和撞击时的速度对它所形成的陨击坑的外观有什么影响呢?思考一下。接下来,我们通过一组实验来验证你的猜想。你需要:10cm深的硬纸盒(例如一个鞋盒),面粉,可可粉,筛子,卷尺或直尺,笔记本,塑料膜,秒表,两组重物(如下)。A组重物:4个大小相同、重量相等的物体(例如4个玻璃球或高尔夫球)。B组重物:4个大小相同,但材质不同、重量不等的球体(例如一个大玻璃球,一个核桃,一个高尔夫球和一个乒乓球)。
A meteorite collides with the Earth at a rate of 11.6 kilometers per second, forming a meteorite crater on Earth. A meteorite with a larger mass will release as much energy as it can from an explosion of thousands of tons of TNT. How does the meteorite’s weight and the speed at impact impact the appearance of the crater it forms? Think about it. Next, we validate your conjecture through a set of experiments. You need: 10cm deep carton (eg a shoebox), flour, cocoa powder, sieve, tape measure or ruler, notebook, plastic film, stopwatch, two sets of weights (below). Group A weights: 4 objects of equal size and equal weight (eg 4 glass balls or golf balls). Group B weights: 4 balls of the same size but different materials and weights (such as a large glass ball, a walnut, a golf ball and a ping pong ball).