神农架天然针阔混交林群落的种间联结性

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该文在神农架国家公园内选取1 hm2的森林动态监测样地,利用方差比率法(VR)、χ2 统计量检验、联结系数(AC),研究了该群落的乔木层、灌木层、草本层优势种的种间联结性.结果表明:(1)经 χ2统计量检验,乔木、灌木、草本层优势种种对中正负联结比依次为0.70、0.61、1.14,方差比率法(VR)测出各层次总体联结性均为显著正联结,说明针阔混交林群落正朝着稳定的方向演替.(2)联结系数(AC)结果显示乔木层有32.05%的负关联种对,针叶和阔叶优势树种间存在强烈的竞争关系,正联结关系仅存在阔叶树种间;灌木层和草本层分别有48.89%、34.17%的负关联种对,是由于具有相似生态学特性的物种对有限资源的竞争;乔木层、灌木层和草本层分别有65.38%、35.56%、44.17%的无关联种对,可能是物种占据合适生态位,物种间依赖性降低.以上结果表明神农架天然针阔混交林群落中少数种对的生境趋同性使种间表现为正联结,由于生态位重叠过多造成资源竞争使大多种对表现为负联结,同时较多优势种因占据合适的生态位使种对联结性弱.
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