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一般来说,定语应放在所修饰的词之前,但在以下几种情况下,作定语的成分却要放在所修饰的词之后,我们称之为定语后置。
一、表示度量的短语修饰名词时应后置
a river five metres wide
一条五米宽的河
a boy sixteen years old
一个十六岁的男孩
注:当这类词组作定语放在名词前时,表示量的名词应用单数形式,且数词与量词之间应加上连词符号“-”。上述例子可改写为:a five-metre-wide river, a sixteen-year-old boy。
二、介词短语作定语时应后置
The boy in the room is my brother.
屋里的男孩是我弟弟。
He lives in a tall building in the city of Shanghai.
他住在上海的一幢高楼里。
三、副词here,there,home,
downstairs,upstairs,below,above等作
定语时应后置
The boys there are reading English.
那边的男孩正在读英语。
The man downstairs can’t sleep well.
楼下的那个人睡不好。
四、两个以上由并列连词连接的形容词修饰一个名词时,应放在后面
He is a teacher, both kind and strict.
他是一个既和蔼又严格的老师。
They lived in a house, clean and bright.
他们住在一个干净明亮的房子里。
五、形容词短语作定语时要后置
They saw many bags full of apples.
他们看到许多装满苹果的袋子。
There are a lot of things too far away to see in the sky.
天空中有许多太远看不到的东西。
六、形容词修饰不定代词(如
something,nothing,anything,everything,somebody,anyone等)时,要后置
He will tell us something interesting.
他将告诉我们一些有趣的事情。
There is nothing new in the room.
房间里没有什么新东西。
七、分词短语作定语时要后置
The boy called Tom is in Class One.
那个名叫汤姆的男孩在1班。
These girls sitting under the tree are my friends.
那些坐在树下的女孩是我的朋友。
八、enough,last,next,nearby等作定语时,既可放在所修饰的词之前,也可放在后面
He has enough money(money enough) to buy a car.
他有足够的钱买一辆汽车。
We often go fishing in the river nearby(the nearby river).
我们常去附近的小河钓鱼。
九、else修饰疑问词或不定代词时应后置
What else did he say?
他还说了些什么?
He is taller than anyone else in his class.
他是班里个子最高的。
十、动词不定式作定语时应后置
We have much work to do.
我们有许多活要干。
The best time to come to China is in spring.
来中国的最好时间是春季。
十一、定语从句要后置
He is the man who I am looking for.
他就是我正在找的那个人。
This is the lesson that we should remember.
这是我们应该记住的教训。
一、表示度量的短语修饰名词时应后置
a river five metres wide
一条五米宽的河
a boy sixteen years old
一个十六岁的男孩
注:当这类词组作定语放在名词前时,表示量的名词应用单数形式,且数词与量词之间应加上连词符号“-”。上述例子可改写为:a five-metre-wide river, a sixteen-year-old boy。
二、介词短语作定语时应后置
The boy in the room is my brother.
屋里的男孩是我弟弟。
He lives in a tall building in the city of Shanghai.
他住在上海的一幢高楼里。
三、副词here,there,home,
downstairs,upstairs,below,above等作
定语时应后置
The boys there are reading English.
那边的男孩正在读英语。
The man downstairs can’t sleep well.
楼下的那个人睡不好。
四、两个以上由并列连词连接的形容词修饰一个名词时,应放在后面
He is a teacher, both kind and strict.
他是一个既和蔼又严格的老师。
They lived in a house, clean and bright.
他们住在一个干净明亮的房子里。
五、形容词短语作定语时要后置
They saw many bags full of apples.
他们看到许多装满苹果的袋子。
There are a lot of things too far away to see in the sky.
天空中有许多太远看不到的东西。
六、形容词修饰不定代词(如
something,nothing,anything,everything,somebody,anyone等)时,要后置
He will tell us something interesting.
他将告诉我们一些有趣的事情。
There is nothing new in the room.
房间里没有什么新东西。
七、分词短语作定语时要后置
The boy called Tom is in Class One.
那个名叫汤姆的男孩在1班。
These girls sitting under the tree are my friends.
那些坐在树下的女孩是我的朋友。
八、enough,last,next,nearby等作定语时,既可放在所修饰的词之前,也可放在后面
He has enough money(money enough) to buy a car.
他有足够的钱买一辆汽车。
We often go fishing in the river nearby(the nearby river).
我们常去附近的小河钓鱼。
九、else修饰疑问词或不定代词时应后置
What else did he say?
他还说了些什么?
He is taller than anyone else in his class.
他是班里个子最高的。
十、动词不定式作定语时应后置
We have much work to do.
我们有许多活要干。
The best time to come to China is in spring.
来中国的最好时间是春季。
十一、定语从句要后置
He is the man who I am looking for.
他就是我正在找的那个人。
This is the lesson that we should remember.
这是我们应该记住的教训。