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功的计算,在高中物理中具有十分重要的地位,因此,高考中经常涉及到此类问题,而高中阶段所学的功的计算公式W=Flcosα只能用于恒力做功情况,对于变力做功或物体运动轨迹是曲线时,不能用W=Flcosα来计算功的大小。为此,笔者对变力做功问题的求解方法进行了总结,现归纳如下:一、特殊的变力做功1.跟势能有关的力,如重力、弹簧弹力、万有引力、库仑力等,所做功的大小与路径无关,跟势能变化量的大小相等。
The calculation of work, in high school physics has a very important position, therefore, college entrance examination often involves such problems, and high school stage work learned formula W = Flcosα can only be used for constant force work situation, for the variable force Work or object trajectory is a curve, you can not use W = Flcosα to calculate the size of work. For this reason, the author summarizes the solution to the problem of variable force work, which is summarized as follows: First, the special power of variable work 1. The forces related to potential energy, such as gravity, spring force, universal gravitation, Coulomb force, etc. The size of the path has nothing to do with the amount of potential energy changes in the size of the same.