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目的对2005~2014年鞍山市风疹流行病学特征进行分析,掌握鞍山市风疹的流行特征及流行趋势,为制定防治措施提供科学依据。方法采用描述性流行病学方法,对中国疾病预防控制信息系统报告的2005~2014年鞍山市确诊风疹病例个案资料进行分析。结果 2005~2014年鞍山市共报告风疹病例1 923例,男女性别比为1.47∶1,年平均发病率为5.24/10万,流行周期为4年,发病呈明显季节性,3~6月为发病高峰,占总病例数的88.92%;城市为风疹发病高发地区,占总病例数的63.13%;15~19岁年龄组发病最多,占总病例数的38.17%;发病主要集中在学生,占总病例数的65.09%;暴发疫情主要集中在学校。结论 2012年鞍山市将麻风疫苗和麻腮风疫苗纳入国家免疫规划后,风疹疫情明显下降,保持麻风疫苗和麻腮风疫苗高接种率,适时开展学生人群风疹疫苗查漏补种,加强疫情监测,加强学校暴发疫情处置等措施,是控制和消除风疹的最有效手段。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of rubella in Anshan City from 2005 to 2014, grasp the epidemiological characteristics and prevalence of rubella in Anshan, and provide a scientific basis for making prevention and cure measures. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the case data of confirmed cases of rubella in Anshun city from 2005 to 2014, which were reported by China Disease Prevention and Control Information System. Results A total of 1 923 cases of rubella were reported in Anshan City from 2005 to 2014, with a sex ratio of 1.47:1. The average annual incidence rate was 5.24 / 100 000. The epidemic period was 4 years. The incidence was obviously seasonal. The incidence peaked at 88.92% of the total number of cases. The urban areas with high incidence of rubella accounted for 63.13% of the total number of cases. The incidence was highest in the age group of 15-19 years old, accounting for 38.17% of the total number of cases. The incidence mainly concentrated in students, accounting for The total number of cases of 65.09%; outbreaks are mainly concentrated in schools. Conclusion In 2012, the epidemic situation of rubella vaccine and mumpsfly vaccine was significantly reduced after the inclusion of the leprosy vaccine and the mumps vaccine in Anshan City into the national immunization program. The epidemic situation was further monitored , To strengthen the outbreak of school outbreaks and other measures to control and eliminate rubella is the most effective means.