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节理是地壳中发育最广泛的一类断裂构造。在自然界,由于负载解除而引起的膨胀作用,与地壳运动所产生的应变,或是岩浆、熔岩冷却时的体积收缩,以及由于风化、滑坡、崩塌等非构造运动的作用力,都可以形成节理。事实上,除去最疏松而潮湿的现代沉积物外,几乎所有的岩石,都被称为节理的裂隙系统所切割。研究节理的类型、成因和分布,深入揭示它的发生、发展规律,对于寻找矿产资源和进行水利、工程建设,以及在理论上配合对褶皱、断层和地貌的研究,都有重要的意义。
Joints are the most widely developed type of fault structure in the crust. In nature, the expansion due to load release, the strain caused by crustal movement, the volume shrinkage during magma and lava cooling, and the non-tectonic movement due to weathering, landslide and collapse can all form joints . In fact, except for the most loose and damp modern sediments, almost all of the rock is cut by a fractured system called a joint. Studying the type, genesis and distribution of joints and revealing its occurrence and development in depth have important meanings for finding mineral resources, carrying out water conservancy, engineering construction and cooperating theoretically with folds, faults and landforms.