“行为导向”（Handlungsorientierung）指以行为或工作任务为主导方向的职业教育教学改革策略。行为导向关注培养学生的关键能力、综合职业能力与全面素质，自２０世纪８０年代产生以来，逐渐成为德国职业教育与培训改革的主流，并日益为世界各国职业教育与培训界人士接受和推 “Hand-oriented” (Handlungsorientierung) refers to the behavioral or task-oriented vocational education and teaching reform strategy. Behavioral oriented The focus on cultivating students’ key competencies, comprehensive professional ability and overall quality has gradually become the mainstream of the reform of vocational education and training in Germany since it was born in the 1980s and is increasingly accepted and pushed by vocational education and training personnel in various countries in the world