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法国与第二次鸦片战争葛夫平１８５６—１８６０年的第二次鸦片战争，是１８４０年第一次鸦片战争的继续与扩大。但与第一次鸦片战争相比，学术界对这次战争的研究相对薄弱，其中法国与第二次鸦片战争的关系，更是被忽视。尽管人们都称第二次鸦片战争是英法共同发起进行的...
The Second Opium War between France and the Second Opium War 1858-1860 was the continuation and expansion of the first Opium War in 1840. However, compared with the first Opium War, the academic research on this war is relatively weak. The relationship between France and the Second Opium War is even more overlooked. Although people all call the second Opium War is the common law launched by Britain and France ...