维吾尔族具有悠久历史和古老文化,早在接受伊斯兰教前就曾创造过回鹘文字(或称回纥文)。回鹘文由22个字母构成,在词首、中、末位有不同字形,由上向下书写。这种音素文字对蒙文和满文的创制起过参照作用。回鹘文文献丰富,包括佛教、摩尼教经文及文学作品,如《福乐智慧》、《高昌馆来文》以及由维吾尔僧人僧苦萨里土统由汉语译成维语的《金光明最胜王经》等。 Uyghur has a long history and ancient culture, as early as before the Islamic scriptures have been created before the return (or 回 back Wen). Back to 鹘 by the 22 letters, in the beginning, middle and last have different glyphs, from top to bottom. This phonogram has played a reference role in the creation of Mongolian and Manchu language. Back to 鹘 literature rich in literature, including Buddhism, Manichae's scriptures and literary works, such as “wisdom of happiness”, “Gaochang Hall” and from the Uygur monks monk bitter Salisi Tuo translated from Chinese to Uyghur “Kim Kwang Ming Win the king ”and so on.