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由于受地形和大气环流的影响以及下垫面的不同，渭河流域水沙异源，西北多沙，东南多水。７０年代以来，渭河水沙发生了较大变化，水沙量不断减少，但水量减少幅度大于沙量，而且较小流量级输沙百分比增加。１９８６～１９９６年，渭河发生大洪水较少，洪水量也较小，但高含沙洪水仍然存在，而且含沙量增加，输沙量也很大，特别是以泾河来水为主时，常出现高含沙水流。
Due to the influence of the terrain and atmospheric circulation and the underlying surface, the water and sediment in the Weihe River Basin are heterogeneous, with more sediment in the northwest and more water in the southeast. Since the 1970s, there has been a great change in water and sediment in the Weihe River, and sediment and sediment have been declining continuously. However, the decrease of water volume has been larger than that of sediment and the percentage of sediment transport has been increased at smaller flowrates. From 1986 to 1996, there were fewer floods and less flooding in the Weihe River, but the high sediment flood still existed, and the sediment concentration increased and the sediment discharge was also large. Especially when the water came from Jinghe River, Frequent high water flow.