锗在红外光学系统中的应用锗是元素半导体,过去主要用于电子工业,包括晶体管、二极管、整流器、超导体和探测器等,由于锗具有高折射率、低色散、容易加工、有良好的机械强度、不吸潮等优点,因而它在红外光学元件(包括透镜、窗口、滤光片等)中成为很有吸引力的材料。其中用量最大的是一作热象仪的透镜。一般每个热象仪需用锗透镜3～7块,最大直径达300毫米。热象仪能把发热物体自然发射的红外光变为可见光,从而使人们的视觉从近红外扩展到远红外区,热象仪可使飞 Germanium in Infrared Optical System Germanium is an elemental semiconductor used in the past mainly in the electronics industry including transistors, diodes, rectifiers, superconductors, and detectors. Due to its high refractive index, low dispersion and easy processing, germanium has good mechanical properties Intensity, does not absorb moisture and so on, so it in the infrared optical components (including lenses, windows, filters, etc.) become very attractive material. One of the most used is a thermal imager lens. In general, each thermal imager needs 3 to 7 germanium lenses with the maximum diameter of 300 mm. Thermal imaging instrument can heat the body naturally emitted infrared light into visible light, so that people’s vision from near infrared extended to the far infrared region, the thermal imager can fly