我国近代的新闻事业的产生发展比较特殊,它以“邸报”为铺垫,是文化侵略、政治斗争、阶级斗争三重因素的产物。也就是说,它发端于外国传教士的在华办报活动,在政治斗争、阶级斗争中发展。这与资本主义商品经济孵化近代西方新闻事业,显然是两条截然不同的运动轨迹。可以说,我们今天的这种僵化的新闻体制,集合着“邸报”、资产阶级以及我党在战争年代的办报活动所产生的全部副作用。 (一)“邸报”副作用的表现在今天的报纸上,“邸报”的影子,仍然依稀可辨。(1)报纸上经常长篇累牍地登载报告、讲话之类非新闻的东西,与“邸报”部分内容类似。(2)“邸报”所刊之辞,皆须报宫廷核准,重要稿件由皇帝裁定。这与今天有关审稿的某些不成文规定有渊源关系。(3)“邸报”以士大夫官宦阶层为特定的读者群,今天的报纸、特别 The emergence and development of the modern journalism in our country is rather special. It is a product of the three factors of cultural aggression, political struggle and class struggle. In other words, it started in the newspaper missionary foreign mission activities in China, in political struggle, class struggle development. This is in contrast with the capitalist commodity economy that has incubated modern western journalism in two distinct tracks of movement. It can be said that this inflexible news system of today integrates all the side effects caused by the newspaper, the bourgeoisie and the party’s newspaper activities in the war years. (A) “Di newspaper” the performance of the side effects In today’s newspaper, “Di newspaper” shadow, still vaguely discernible. (1) Newspapers often have long, lengthy articles, like non-news items, similar to the Di Bao section. (2) “Di newspaper” published by the speech must be approved by the court, the important manuscript ruled by the emperor. This is related to some of the unwritten rules on peer review today. (3) “Di newspaper” to the scholar-officials class as a specific readership, today’s newspaper, in particular