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用135个分布于全基因组的SSR(simple sequence repeat)标记分析196份大豆(Glycine max)地方品种的遗传变异、群体结构和连锁不平衡(linkage disequilibrium,LD)。在考虑群体结构的条件下,应用全基因组关联分析的方法鉴定与大豆抗斜纹夜蛾有关的数量性状位点,进而发掘各关联位点的优异等位基因及代表性载体材料。结果表明:(1)该群体不仅地理起源广,而且遗传变异丰富;(2)在整个群体内,有17.9%的标记对处于显著的连锁不平衡,而且在相同染色体上标记对间连锁不平衡延伸的平均距离约为6.61cM(D’>0,P<0.05);(3)通过关联分析发现,有7个SSR标记分别与3个大豆抗斜纹夜蛾性状关联(P<0.01),其中4个位点对性状的变异解释率超过了10%,6个位点所在的连锁群上存在已报道的食叶性害虫抗性位点;(4)各位点等位基因的效应分析显示,幼虫重相关位点的等位基因主要表现为减效作用,等位基因Sat_334-A208减效作用最大(43.9%);单虫食叶量和蛹重相关位点的等位基因主要表现为增效作用;等位基因Satt199-A186对单虫食叶量增效作用最大(36.4%);等位基因Sat_320-A286对蛹重增效作用最大(31.4%)。
The genetic diversity, population structure and linkage disequilibrium (LD) of 196 soybean (Glycine max) cultivars were analyzed using 135 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers distributed throughout the genome. Under the conditions of population structure, genome-wide association analysis was used to identify quantitative trait loci related to S. litura and further to explore excellent alleles and representative vector materials of each association locus. The results showed that: (1) The population not only had a wide geographical origin, but also had abundant genetic variations; (2) 17.9% of the marker pairs were in significant linkage disequilibrium within the whole population, and the linkage between two pairs of markers was unbalanced on the same chromosome (D> 0, P <0.05). (3) Through the analysis of correlation, it was found that there were 7 SSR markers associated with the resistance to S. litura in soybean (P <0.01), and the average distance between them was 6.61cM The explained rate of the variation of the traits at 4 loci exceeded 10%, and there were reported leaf-eating pest-resistant loci on the linkage group in which 6 loci were located. (4) The allele- The alleles of heavy related sites of larva mainly showed the effect of reducing effect and the allele of allele Sat_334-A208 had the largest reduction effect (43.9%). The alleles of leaf mass and pupa weight related sites were mainly increased The allelopathic effect of Satt199-A186 on leaf mass was the highest (36.4%) and that of allele Sat_320-A286 on pupal weight was the highest (31.4%).