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对沈阳市郊大民屯镇不同使用年限蔬菜温室77个样点土壤有效态微量元素的分布特征进行调查研究的结果表明,土壤有效态Fe、Mn、Cu、Zn含量分别为8.57～60.30mgkg-1、2.69～22.43mgkg-1、0.64～7.52mgkg-1和0.56～9.29mgkg-1,变异系数为50%左右;随着温室使用年限的增加,土壤有效态Fe、Mn、Cu、Zn含量总体上呈增加的趋势;使用年限较短的蔬菜温室,土壤微量元素缺乏的可能性较大,而使用年限较长的蔬菜温室,土壤Cu和Zn超量的风险则相对较高。由于温室管理个体的差异,一些使用年限相对较长的温室通过置换土壤、施加腐熟牛粪、厩肥、作物秸秆以及其他有机物料等措施,也可使土壤中微量元素保持在较适宜的状态。温室土壤微量元素有效态含量与土壤pH呈极显著负相关关系(P<0.01),与土壤有机C含量呈极显著正相关关系(P<0.01)。
The results of investigation on the distribution of soil available trace elements in 77 greenhouses in different age periods in Shenyang’s suburbs of Damintun showed that the contents of available Fe, Mn, Cu and Zn in soils were 8.57-60.30 mg kg-1 , 2.69 ~ 22.43mgkg-1, 0.64 ~ 7.52mgkg-1 and 0.56 ~ 9.29mgkg-1, and the coefficient of variation was about 50%. With the increase of the greenhouse’s service life, the available Fe, Mn, Cu, The trend is that the vegetable greenhouses with short service life are more likely to be deficient in trace elements in the soil. However, the vegetable greenhouses with longer service life have the higher risk of excess Cu and Zn in soil. Due to the differences in individual greenhouse management, some greenhouses with relatively long service life can also keep the trace elements in the soil in a more suitable state by means of replacing soil, applying manure, manure, crop stalks and other organic materials. There was a significant negative correlation between soil available trace elements and soil pH (P <0.01) and a significant positive correlation (P <0.01) with soil organic C content.