日本出现的一系列大规模的食品药品公害诉讼中,在判处制造者承担侵权责任的同时,一些裁判例也明确了国家应承担相应责任,这有助于督促国家更好行使食品药品的监管职能,更好保护受害者的利益。本文通过分析食品药品公害民事裁判例中明确的国家责任,探讨日本国家责任的相关理论,论述日本国家在食品药品监管领域应承担的相关法律责任。 In a series of large-scale food and drug public health lawsuits in Japan, while sentenced manufacturers to bear tort liability, some jurisprudence also made it clear that the state should bear the corresponding responsibility, which helps to urge the state to better exercise the regulatory functions of food and drug , To better protect the interests of victims. In this paper, by analyzing the explicit responsibility of the state in civil tribunals for food and drug abuse, the paper discusses the related theories of Japan’s national responsibility and discusses the related legal responsibilities that Japanese countries should bear in the field of food and drug supervision.