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目的:描述广州市城市社区儿童哮喘、过敏性鼻炎及湿疹等过敏性疾病的流行状况,为今后儿童过敏性疾病诊治工作提供科学依据。方法:采用多阶抽样的方法抽取广州市社区0～14岁儿童5500例,通过过敏性疾病国际间对比调查问卷(ISAAC)对儿童哮喘、过敏性鼻炎及湿疹等过敏性疾病患病情况进行调查。结果:儿童哮喘患病率广州为2.09%,男女患病率之比为1.59∶1,各年龄组患病率比较2～6岁年龄段儿童患病率最高,与2000年全国城区儿童哮喘调查结果相比,广州儿童哮喘患病率均有明显上升。儿童哮喘相关因素应重点关注慢性咳嗽和反复呼吸道感染;过敏性鼻炎患病率为7.81%,3岁后逐渐上升,6～9岁儿童发病率较高;湿疹患病率随儿童年龄增加逐渐降低。结论:儿童过敏性疾病相关临床因素对哮喘诊治有重要意义。
OBJECTIVE: To describe the prevalence of allergic diseases such as asthma, allergic rhinitis and eczema in urban communities in Guangzhou, and to provide a scientific basis for future diagnosis and treatment of allergic diseases in children. Methods: A total of 5 500 children aged 0-14 years in Guangzhou community were sampled by multistage sampling method. The prevalence of allergic diseases such as asthma, allergic rhinitis and eczema in children were investigated by International Comparison of Questionnaire of Allergic Diseases (ISAAC) . Results: The prevalence of childhood asthma in Guangzhou was 2.09%, the prevalence rate of male to female was 1.59:1. The prevalence of children aged 2 to 6 was the highest in all age groups. Compared with the prevalence of childhood asthma in urban areas in 2000 Compared with the results, the prevalence of asthma in Guangzhou children were significantly increased. Children with asthma-related factors should focus on chronic cough and recurrent respiratory tract infections; the prevalence of allergic rhinitis was 7.81%, gradually increased after 3 years of age, a higher incidence of children aged 6 to 9; eczema prevalence decreased with increasing age children . Conclusion: The clinical factors related to allergic diseases in children are important for the diagnosis and treatment of asthma.