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目的 研究火箭液体燃料肼（Ｈｚ）、一甲基肼（ＭＭＨ）和偏二甲基肼（ＵＤＭＨ）（简称“三肼”）吸入染毒在家兔体内的动力学特征。 方法 给家兔静注、吸入或恒速静脉输注“三肼”，定时采集血、尿及吸入和呼出气样品；测定样品中Ｈｚ、ＭＭＨ 和ＵＤＭＨ 浓度，绘制毒－时曲线；通过对毒－时曲线进行动力学模型拟合，计算动力学参数，探讨其动力学特征。 结果 家兔吸入和恒速静脉输注“三肼”均以一室模型在体内配置，而静注均呈二室模型。“三肼”蒸气经家兔呼吸道的滞留率高达９５％ 以上，不受吸入气中“三肼”浓度和家兔通气量的影响。当蒸气浓度和动物自身通气量稳定时，“三肼”蒸气以近似恒速即表观零级速度滞留在呼吸道，并以同样的速度特征全部迅速地被吸收入血。“三肼”在家兔体内的分布相半衰期（ｔ１／２α）为０．０１９～０．０４８ ｈ，稳态表观分布容积（ＶＳＳ）１．３２～１．４８ 为Ｌ·ｋｇ－ １。“三肼”在家兔体内的消除半衰期（ｔ１／２）为：Ｈｚ １．４９～２．３０ ｈ，ＭＭＨ ３．０～４．９ ｈ 和ＵＤＭＨ０．７～１．４ ｈ；在实验期间，累积经尿排出的原形毒物量均低于机体总消除量的５０％ 。 结论 “三肼”蒸气经家兔呼吸道吸收完全，符合表观零级速度；分
Objective To study the kinetic characteristics of rocket liquid inhalation in rabbits by inhalation of liquid fuel hydrazine (Hz), monomethylhydrazine (MMH) and dimethylhydrazine (UDMH). Methods Rabbits were intravenously infused with “triple hydrazine” by intravenous infusion or inhalation or constant-velocity intravenous infusion. Samples of blood, urine, and inhaled and exhaled breath were collected regularly. The concentrations of Hz, MMH and UDMH in the samples were determined and the toxicity- - time curve of kinetic model fitting, calculation of kinetic parameters, to explore the dynamic characteristics. Results Rabbit inhalation and constant velocity intravenous infusion of “three hydrazine” were configured in vivo with a one-compartment model, while intravenous infusion showed a two-compartment model. The retention rate of “three hydrazine” vapor through the respiratory tract of rabbits was as high as above 95%, independent of the concentration of “hydrazine” and the ventilation rate of rabbits in inhaled air. When the vapor concentration and the animal’s own ventilation are stable, the “hydrazine” vapor stays in the respiratory tract at an approximately constant rate, ie, apparent zero-order velocity, and is absorbed rapidly into the bloodstream all at the same speed. The distribution half-life (t1 / 2α) of trihydrazine in rabbits ranged from 0.019 to 0.048 h, and the steady state apparent volume of distribution (VSS) ranged from 1.32 to 1.48 for L · kg-1. The elimination half-life of tris hydrazine in rabbits (t1 / 2) was 1.49-2.30 h in Hz, 3.0-4.9 h in MMH and 0.7-1.4 h in UDMH. During the experiment , The cumulative amount of untreated urinary tract poison accumulated less than 50% of the total elimination volume of the body. Conclusion The “three hydrazine” vapor is completely absorbed by the respiratory tract of rabbits and accords with the apparent zero-order speed.