一、引言桔梗(platycodon grandiflorum A. DC)系桔梗科植物,为常用中药。我国最早的一部药书——《神农本草经》将其列为下品。在张仲景所著《伤寒论》中,记载有三物百散、桔梗汤等方剂,均以桔梗为主药。金代张元素指出,“桔梗除肺部风垫,清利头目,益咽,胸膈滞气及痛,除鼻塞。”现代药理试验证明,桔梗具有消炎、镇痛、抗溃疡、抗肿瘤以及增强人体免疫功能的作用,又据报导,桔梗粗皂甙对血管具有扩张作用。二、化学成分桔梗的化学研究始于本世纪初叶,最早由日本的古本孙三郎,后来山口一孝等进行了研究,主要含有三萜皂甙。其皂甙元为远志酸和桔梗皂甙元。到七十年代末期,从桔梗根中已 First, the introduction Campanulaceae (platycodon grandiflorum A. DC) Department Campanulaceae plants, commonly used traditional Chinese medicine. One of China’s earliest books - “Shen Nong’s Herbal Classic” will be classified as the next product. Zhang Zhongjing book “Treatise on” in the records of Sanlibaoban, Campanulaceae and other prescriptions, are based Campanulaceae-based medicine. Jin behalf of the element pointed out that “Campanulaceae in addition to the lungs windbreaker, Qingli leader, Yan pharynx, sedia and gas and pain, except nasal congestion.” Modern pharmacological experiments show that Campanulaceae with anti-inflammatory, analgesic, anti-ulcer, anti-tumor and Enhance the role of human immune function, and it was reported that Campanulaceae saponin has an expansion of the role of blood vessels. Second, the chemical composition Campanulaceae chemical research began in the early leaves of this century, the earliest by Japan’s ancient Sun Saburo, and later Yamaguchi a filial piety were studied, mainly contains triterpenoid saponins. Its sapogenin Yuan Yuan acid and platycodin yuan. To the late seventies, from the root of Campanulaceae already