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采用淀粉凝胶电泳方法对合浦珠母贝Pinctadamartensi(D.)雌性三倍体与雄性二倍体交配,细胞松弛素B抑制其受精卵第一极体释放产生的二倍体、三倍体及非整倍体3个群体进行了同工酶研究。二倍体、三倍体及非整倍体群体在6个多态位点的平均基因杂合度分别为0.255±0.087,0.286±0.097,0.275±0.089,三倍体的杂合度高出二倍体约12%,表明多倍体诱导能增加诱导群体的杂合度。但在单个位点上,三倍体的杂合度不一定高于二倍体;在各自群体内,平均杂合位点数与生长间无明显的相关性,单个位点上的杂合子也未完全表现出其生长大于纯合子,且差异不明显(p>0.05)。因此,合浦珠母贝三倍体的快速生长难以完全用杂合度增高假说解释,只能说明诱导处理能使三倍体的杂合度增高,而能量再分配和“巨型性”可能对其快速生长起着不可忽视的作用。非整倍体群体的杂合度高于二倍体群体,但其生长却小于二倍体,其原因可能是染色体的增减对机体的生长有一定的影响。
The female triploid of Pinctadamantaensis (D.) was mated with male diploid by using starch gel electrophoresis. Cytochalasin B inhibited the diploid, triploid and Aneuploidy three groups were isoenzyme study. The average genetic heterozygosity of diploid, triploid and aneuploidy in the six polymorphic loci were 0.255 ± 0.087,0.286 ± 0.097,0.275 ± 0.089, respectively, and the heterozygosity of triploid was higher than diploid About 12%, indicating that polyploid induction can increase the heterozygosity of the induced population. However, the heterozygosity of triploid is not necessarily higher than that of diploid at single locus. There is no obvious correlation between average number of heterozygous loci and growth in their own populations, and incomplete heterozygosity at single locus Its growth was greater than that of homozygotes, with no significant difference (p> 0.05). Therefore, it is difficult to explain the rapid growth of the triploid of Pinus nebrodensis with the hypothesis of heterozygosity. It only shows that the induction treatment can increase the heterozygosity of triploidy, but the redistribution of energy and the “giantness” Rapid growth plays a role that can not be ignored. The heterozygosity of aneuploidy population is higher than that of diploid population, but its growth is less than that of diploid. The reason may be that the increase or decrease of chromosome has certain influence on the growth of the organism.