在抗战后期中国共产党的外交活动中,美军观察组(又称“迪克西使团“)访问延安无疑占有重要地位,它是中国共产党与美国政府正式接触的开始。因此。通过对美军延安观察组活动的思考,进而深入研究抗战后期美国对华政策和中共与美国关系的发展变化都将大有裨益。 一、利益驱动:美军观察组访问延安动因之思考 利益是各个国家国际交往和制定外交政策的基本出发点。外交政策的调整往往取决于国际局势的变迁对国家利益影响的深度和广度。美军观察组访问延安,从很大程度上说,是美国国家利益在东亚,尤其在中国面临种种挑战和“机遇”的结果。 美国面临的挑战主要来自于当时中国权力机构 During the diplomatic activities of the Chinese Communist Party during the post-war period, the visit by the U.S. Military Observer Group (or “Dixie Mission”) undoubtedly occupies an important position in Yanan. It is the beginning of formal contacts between the CPC and the U.S. government. therefore. By thinking about the activities of the Yan’an Observation Group of U.S. troops, it is of great help to further study the U.S. policy toward China and the development and changes in the relations between the PRC and the United States in the latter part of the war. I. Interest-driven: Thinking about the Motives of U.S. Military Observer Group’s Visit to Yan’an Interests are the basic starting points for the international exchanges and the formulation of diplomatic policies in various countries. The adjustment of foreign policy often depends on the depth and breadth of the impact on the national interest caused by the changes in the international situation. The U.S. military inspection team’s visit to Yan’an to a large extent is the result of the U.S. national interests being faced with many challenges and “opportunities” in East Asia, especially in China. The main challenge for the United States came from the then Chinese authorities